PREGNANCY AND CHILD CARE: Mothers Care

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Pregnancy Time’s Special Tests

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Tests of one sort or another are often carried out during pregnancy. A few are offered routinely to all women. Others are used where more information is needed, or a problem has occurred.

ULTRASOUND

Almost all women are now offered an ultrasound scan. Your partner may be able to come with you for the scan, and many couples find it quite fascinating. A full bladder helps to give a clearer picture as it keeps the baby quite high in the abdomen. Your stomach will be lubricated. And the scanner passed over it. Sound waves are passed into the uterus to build up a picture of the baby and the placenta. The picture on the monitor may look rather indistinct, but usually the person doing the scan can point out where the head and limbs are. Often the baby’s beating heart shows up quite clearly. In early pregnancy you can usually make out most of the baby, but later on, as the baby gets much larger, it is harder to see him all at once.

From a medical point of view the scan is useful to confirm the date of pregnancy. Measurements may be take of the spine or head, or the long bones of the thigh. The scan date is a little more accurate than dating the pregnancy from the first day of your last period, if your periods are regular.

Ultrasound scanning is also used to check the development of the baby, to ensure that

PRENATAL CARE

Prenatal care is designed to ensure that your pregnancy is as happy and problem-free as possible by keeping an eye on your general health and wellbeing. Any problems can be picked up at an early stage and quickly treated. Taking measurements and doing tests early in pregnancy give a base line against which changes are measured. Regular trips to the doctor can be reassuring, and give you the opportunity to get to know your doctor. Prenatal care should start as soon as possible so, once your pregnancy has been confirmed, visit your doctor. He will be able to advise you on the prenatal and childbirth choices available in your area.

WHERE TO HAVE YOURBABY

Types of prenatal care

Choosing the type of care you receive during pregnancy and for the birth of your child is very important to your health and wellbeing.

Discuss your options with a midwife doctor or

WHERE TO HAVE YOUR BABY

One of the first decisions you will need to make is where to have your baby. It is worth knowing what your options are and the advantages of each, so you can think everything through before you have to make up your mind. What matters most is having your baby where you will feel happiest and most secure. Where you choose to have your baby will depend on your own needs and preferences. It is also important to remain flexible; if a medical problem crops up during pregnancy, it may well alter your views on where you want to have your baby.

Hospital birth

Almost all babies are born in the hospital, and many parents are reassured by having access to specialist facilities and a wide range of pain relief option. If you need medical intervention such as a forceps delivery or a cesarean section, then there’s readily available nursing care tool. Many women like having a nurse on hand to help with feeding and looking after the baby, and enjoy the company of other new mothers. If you have other children, you may find a few days of resting and getting to know this newest baby invaluable before going home to resume the routine of family life.

Home birth

While some experts are against home birth, others support it and many women feel sure it is the right place for them to give birth. It avoids many of the interventions that are almost routine is some hospitals, like electronic fetal monitoring, and it is far easier to remain active and mobile in your own home than in a small hospital room. Your choices for pain relief are more limited. But women

YOU AND YOUR GROWING BABY (WEEKS 0-40)

The first phase (weeks 0-12)

Pregnancy is divided into three phases, or trimesters. In the first, from conception until about twelve weeks, much of the hard work of growing a baby takes place.

WEKS 0-4E

The length of your pregnancy is calculated from the first day of your last period. The egg (ovum) is released from the ovary in the middle of the menstrual cycle (usually at around day fourteen). The sperm swim towards the egg, and surround it in the outer part of one of the fallopian tubes. Once one sperm has penetrate the egg, the egg’s surface changes to prevent other sperm getting through, and the fertilized egg journeys on down the tube. Six day after fertilization it has become a ball of cells that burrows into the lining of the uterus.

Your may begin to notice slight changes, perhaps in your sense of taste, some breast tenderness, or feelings of nausea.

WEEKS 5-8

Major changes now occur as the blueprint for your baby is laid down. His main organs begin to grow and the nervous system develops. The heart begins to beat at about week six and the limbs are developing. At first they look a bit like flippers, but gradually knee and elbow joints are formed. The face also begins to develop and the mouth and tongue are already visible.

Many women now notice they are pregnant. Your breasts may start to grow and

PLANNING FOR A HEALTHY BABY

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Planning for a baby is exciting. Nowadays, with smaller families and readily available contraception, more people the ever before choose when to start trying.

We’re all familiar with prenatal care but Peri-conceptual care helps a woman enter pregnancy more capable of sailing through with no problems. And if both man and woman look after their health before they conceive, then in the early weeks after conception, before most women even know they are pregnant but when the human embryo is particularly vulnerable, they give their baby the best chance of developing safely.

DIET

· Eating a healthy, balanced diet with plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables will increase your chances of conceiving,.

· Try to avoid eating too many foods containing added sugar, refined grains ( for example, white flour, bread, pasta and rice) and saturated or refined fats and oils ( for example, animal fats, margarines and cheap cooking oils ) too often.

· It’s probably better to have fewer drinks containing caffeine.

· Make sure food is fresh – stale food generally has fewer vitamins and may contain molds.

· If as a woman you need to lose weight, do it sensibly and slowly and aim to end your weight loss at least four months before trying to conceive.

IMMUNITY

Keeping fit and healthy helps your body to fight against disease, but two common infections are best avoided if at all possible in pregnancy as they can damage an unborn baby. These are rubella (German measles) and chickenpox. If you haven’t had a rubella immunization, arrange one, but ensure you don’t get